分層空調(diào)

分層空調(diào)是指僅對高大空間的下部區(qū)域進(jìn)行空調(diào)，保持一定的溫濕度，而對上部區(qū)域不要求空調(diào)的空調(diào)方式。與全室空調(diào)相比，夏季可節(jié)省冷量30%左右，因而節(jié)省初投資和運(yùn)行能耗。但冬季空調(diào)并不節(jié)能。

分層空調(diào)適用于高大建筑物，當(dāng)建筑物高度≥10m，建筑物體積V>1萬m3，空調(diào)區(qū)高度與建筑高度之比h1/H≤1/2時(shí)，這種空調(diào)才經(jīng)濟(jì)合理。2100433B

對于分層空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)，要求揚(yáng)長避短，盡可能充分地突顯出系統(tǒng)本身的優(yōu)點(diǎn)優(yōu)勢，又盡量避免系統(tǒng)可能造成的通風(fēng)問題。主動型分層空調(diào)系統(tǒng)將回風(fēng)口和排風(fēng)口獨(dú)立布置，為系統(tǒng)提供更大的節(jié)能空間。因此，《分層空調(diào)系統(tǒng)研究與設(shè)計(jì)思考（英文版）》主要針對主動型分層空調(diào)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究，深入分析其氣流流動特征及節(jié)能機(jī)理，優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢的大化。在此基礎(chǔ)上，《分層空調(diào)系統(tǒng)研究與設(shè)計(jì)思考（英文版）》致力于分層空調(diào)系統(tǒng)完整設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算體系的建立，包括人體活動區(qū)域負(fù)荷及與之對應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)送風(fēng)量和系統(tǒng)制冷機(jī)組負(fù)荷計(jì)算方法的研發(fā)等，從而為分層空調(diào)的合理設(shè)計(jì)提供可靠的參照和依據(jù)。

Nomenclature

List of Abbreviations

Chapter 1 Introduction

1．1 Background

1．2 Objectives

1．3 Structure of the book

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2．1 Introduction

2．2 Performances of stratified air distribution systems

2．2．1 Indoor air quality

2．2．2 Thermal comfort

2．2．3 Energy consumption

2．3 Evaluation criteria for stratified air distribution systems

2．3．1 Indoor air quality evaluation

2．3．2 Thermal comfort evaluation

2．4 Key design parameters for STRAD systems

2．4．1 Space types

2．4．2 Heat source types and locations

2．4．3 Supply diffusersr characteristics

2．4．4 Layouts of exhaust and return grilles

2．4．5 Cooling load

2．4．5．1 Cooling load diversity

2．4．5．2 Cooling load calculation methods

2．4．6 Supply air flow rate

2．4．7 Stratification height

2．5 Integration of stratified air distribution system with personalized ventilation

2．6 Brief review on the CFD simulation for indoor airflow

2．7 Research gaps

2．8 Summary

Chapter 3 Comparisons of two typical thermal comfort models

3．1 Introduction

3．2 Different coupling procedures

3．3 CFD simulations

3．4 Comparison of thermal comfort evaluation results

3．5 Discussion and Summary

Chapter 4 Cooling coil load calculation method for stratified air distribution systemsand Experimental validation

4．1 Introduction

4．2 Energy saving and Cooling coil load calculation

4．3 Experimental Validation

4．3．1 Experimental chamber

4．3．2 Experimental devices and equipments

4．3．2．1 Thermal manikins

4．3．2．2 Thermocouples and data loggers

4．3．3 Experimental design

4．3．4 Experimental results

4．3．4．1 Thermal comfort

4．3．4．2 Energy saving and cooling coil load calculation

4．4 Summary

Chapter 5 Stratified air distribution in a small office

5．1 Introduction

5．2 CFD model validation

5．3 Further validation for the CFD model

5．4 Simulation cases

5．5 Simulation Results

5．5．1 Thermal comfort

5．5．2 Energy saving

5．5．3 Effective cooling load factors

5．6 Summary

Chapter 6 Stratified air distribution system in a large lecture theatre

6．1 Introduction

6．2 Lecture theatre configurations

6．3 Mesh generation and Boundary conditions

6．4 Local thermal environments in different rows

6．5 Different stratified air distribution designs

6．5．1 Simulation cases description

6．5．2 Airflow and temperature stratification

6．5．3 Thermal comfort

6．5．4 Occupied zone cooling load calculations

6．5．5 Energy saving

6．6 Different heights of return grilles

6．6．1 Simulation cases description

6．6．2 Thermal comfort

6．6．3 Energy saving

6．6．4 Effective cooling load factors

6．7 Discussion and Summary

Chapter 7 Alternative stratified air distribution designs in a terminal building

7．1 Introduction

7．2 Simulation case descriptions

7．2．1 Hall geometry and air distribution designs

7．2．2 Simulation cases and heat gains

7．2．3 Mesh generation and boundary conditions

7．3 Simulation results

7．3．1 Temperature and velocity distributions

7．3．1．1 Different air distribution designs

7．3．1．2 Different supply diffuser locations

7．3．1．3 Different return grille locations

7．3．2 Thermal comfort

7．3．2．1 Different air distribution designs

7．3．2．2 Different supply diffuser locations

7．3．2．3 Different return grille locations

7．3．3 Energy savings

7．4 Effective cooling load factors

7．5 Conclusions

Chapter 8 Conclusion and recommendations for future work

8．1 Conclusions

8．2 Limitations and future work

References2100433B

《空氣調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)手冊（第3版）》在第二版的基礎(chǔ)上，增加了許多節(jié)能的新技術(shù)，如低溫送風(fēng)系統(tǒng)、溫濕度獨(dú)立控制空調(diào)系統(tǒng)、蒸發(fā)冷卻空調(diào)系統(tǒng)等。又如空調(diào)蓄冷技術(shù)及熱泵技術(shù)在第二版雖有提及，但不足以供設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算使用，本版有了較詳細(xì)的介紹，又如燃?xì)饫錈犭娐?lián)供分布式能源系統(tǒng)，也作了深入的介紹。新技術(shù)方面增加了吊頂輻射供冷系統(tǒng)、旋流風(fēng)口送風(fēng)、地板送風(fēng)、置換通風(fēng)、崗位空調(diào)、高大空間分層空調(diào)技術(shù)、CFD方法簡介。加濕器新增加介紹了五種新型加濕器。制冷方面增加了潤滑油及漩渦式制冷壓縮機(jī)及冷水機(jī)組。消聲增加了微穿孔板消聲器及復(fù)合消聲器。隔振增加了冷卻塔的隔振，去掉使用較少的軟木和空氣彈簧隔振器?？諝鈨艋蜐崈羰覄t增加了設(shè)計(jì)步驟等內(nèi)容。三甘醇除濕機(jī)由于已無產(chǎn)品，本版已取消。

本手冊可供空調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)人員使用，亦可供空調(diào)教學(xué)、施工及管理人員參考。