Yale

作者：(美國(guó))羅杰·易

Roger Yee， an architecture graduate of Yale School of Architecture， has received honors for his work in the field from such organizations as the American Institute of Architects， the American Society of Interior Designers and the Association of Business Publishers。 Former editor-in-chief of Corporate Design 8， Realty， Contract， and Unique Homes， he is now a contributing editor to such publications as Engineering News Record， Oculus， and Woman's Day Kitchens & Baths， as well as being the author and editor of Corporate Inter/ors， Educational Environments， Healthcare 5paces， 5ports & Recreational Facilities and Hotel & Restaurant Design。

His other activities in the field have included being marketing advisor to Cushman & Wakefield， a national real estate firm， serving as draftsman and designer to architecture firms， most notably Philip Johnson & John Burgee， and tecturing on design at institutions of higher education， including Dartmouth Collego and Columbia University。 He is a consultant on editorial public relations and marketing issues to numerous orgamzations in the design community。

彈子鎖的歷史可追溯至約公元前2000年的古埃及。當(dāng)時(shí)的人把木制的柱裝在門(mén)上，以一水平放置的門(mén)閂頷在柱 的上方。門(mén)閂上有一系列的凹凸位，裝有鎖簧。使用特定的鑰匙把鎖簧向上推，便可以打開(kāi)門(mén)閂。

1848年，老奈納斯·耶魯（Linus Yale, Sr.）發(fā)明了圓柱狀彈子鎖，并成功申請(qǐng)專(zhuān)利。他的兒子小奈納斯·耶魯（Linus Yale, Jr）將之加以改良，在1861年得到新的專(zhuān)利。小奈納斯·耶魯發(fā)明的結(jié)構(gòu)與今日的彈子鎖非常接近。舊式高防盜的鎖需要配合重達(dá)兩磅的鑰匙，但憑這一連串發(fā)明，高防度鎖的鑰匙已縮減至幾十克重，奠定現(xiàn)代機(jī)械式保安的基礎(chǔ)。

往后，雖然彈子鎖多次被鎖匠挑戰(zhàn)開(kāi)啟，但彈子鎖的原理仍深受重視，美國(guó)、北歐、以色列均有公司不斷研發(fā)新款彈子鎖，阻止鎖匠把它打開(kāi)?，F(xiàn)代大型鎖具公司，亦只是憑創(chuàng)辦人發(fā)明出一款新式彈子鎖的原理，而足以建立跨越全球的業(yè)務(wù)，反映彈子鎖的潛在市場(chǎng)規(guī)模。