開關(guān)電容電路

開關(guān)電容(SC)電路是由受時鐘信號控制的開關(guān)和電容器組成的電路。它是利用電荷的存儲和轉(zhuǎn)移來實現(xiàn)對信號的各種處理功能。在實際電路中，有時僅用開關(guān)和電容器構(gòu)成的電路往往不滿足要求，所以多與放大器或運(yùn)算放大器、比較器等組合起來，以實現(xiàn)電信號的產(chǎn)生、變換與處理。

利用開關(guān)電容電路來處理模擬信號在1972年首先提出，由于它具有的一些特殊的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，引起了人們的重視，并加強(qiáng)了這方面的研究工作。1977年發(fā)表了采用NMOS工藝和開關(guān)電容技術(shù)構(gòu)成的環(huán)路濾波器，1978年美國Intel公司首先制成用于PCM電話系統(tǒng)的話路濾波器，從而進(jìn)入了實用階段。近年來，對開關(guān)電容的理論、分析方法和電路技術(shù)進(jìn)行了多方面的研究，進(jìn)一步拓展了開關(guān)電容電路技術(shù)在模擬信號處理領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用范圍。

由于開關(guān)電容電路使用MOS工藝，尺寸小，功耗低，工藝過程比較簡單，易于大規(guī)模集成，因此得到了較快的發(fā)展和廣泛的應(yīng)用。2100433B

目錄

Preface

Acknowledgment

ListofAbbreviations

ListofFigures

ListofTables

1INTRODUCTION

1.High-FrequencyIntegratedAnalogFiltering

2.MultirateSwitched-CapacitorCircuitTechniques

3.Sampled-DataInterpolationTechniques

4.ResearchGoalsandDesignChallenges

2IMPROVEDMULTIRATEPOLYPHASE-BASEDINTERPOLATIONSTRUCTURES

1.Introduction

2.ConventionalandImprovedAnalogInterpolation

3.PolyphaseStructuresforOptimum-classImprovedAnalogInterpolation

4.MultirateADBPolyphaseStructures

4.1CanonicandNon-CanonicADBRealizations

4.2SCCircuitArchitectures

5.Low-SensitivityMultirateIIRStructures

5.1MixedCascade/ParallelForm

5.2Extra-RippleIIRForm

6.Summary

3PRACTICALMULTIRATESCCIRCUITDESIGNCONSIDERATIONS

1.Introduction

2.PowerConsumptionAnalysis

3.Capacitor-RatioSensitivityAnalysis

3.1FIRStructure

3.2IIRStructure

4.FiniteGain&BandwidthEffects

5.Input-ReferredOffsetEffects

6.PhaseTiming-MismatchEffects

6.1PeriodicFixedTiming-SkewEffect

6.2RandomTiming-JitterEffects

7.NoiseAnalysis

8.Summary

4GAIN-ANDOFFSET-COMPENSATIONFORMULTIRATESCCIRCUITS

1.Introduction

2.AutozeroingandCorrelated-DoubleSamplingTechniques

3.AZandCDSSCDelayBlockswithMismatch-FreeProperty

3.1SCDelayBlockArchitectures

3.2GainandOffsetErrors-ExpressionsandSimulationVerification

3.3Multi-UnitDelayImplementations

4.AZandCDSSCAccumulators

4.1SCAccumulatorArchitectures

4.2GainandOffsetErrors-ExpressionsandSimulationVerification

5.DesignExamples

6.SpeedandPowerConsiderations

7.Summary

5DESIGNOFA108MHzMULTISTAGESCVIDEOINTERPOLATINGFILTER

1.Introduction

2.OptimumArchitectureDesign

2.1MultistagePolyphaseStructurewithHalf-BandFiltering..

2.2Spread-ReductionScheme

2.3Coefficient-SharingTechniques

3.CircuitDesign

3.1lst-Stage

3.22nd-and3rd-Stage

3.3DigitalClockPhaseGeneration

4.CircuitLayout

5.SimulationResults

5.1BehavioraISimulations

5.2Circuit-LevelSimulations

6.Summary

6DESIGNOFA320MHZFREQUENCY-TRANSLATEDSCBANDPASSINTERPOLATINGFILTER

1.Introduction

2.PrototypeSystem-LevelDesign

2.1Multi-notchFIRTransferFunction

2.2Time-InterleavedSerialADBPolyphaseStructurewith

Autozeroing

3.PrototypeCircuit-LevelDesign

3.1AutozeroingADBandAccumulator

3.2High-SpeedMultiplexer

3.3OverallSCCircuitArchitecture

3.4TelescopicopampwithWide-SwingBiasing

3.5nMOSSwitches136

3.6NoiseCalculation

3.7I/0Circuitry

3.8LowTiming-SkewClockGeneration

4.LayoutConsiderations

4.1DeviceandPathMatching

4.2SubstrateandSupplyNoiseDecoupling

4.3Shielding

4.4FloorPlan

5.SimulationResults

5.1OpampSimulations

5.2FilterBehavioralSimulations

5.3FilterTransistor-LevelandPost-LayoutSimulations

6.Summary

7EXPERIMENTALRESULTS

1.Introduction

2.PCBDesign

2.1FloorPlan

2.2PowerSuppliesandDecoupling

2.3BiasingCurrents

2.4InputandOutputNetwork

3.MeasurementSetupandResults

3.1FrequencyResponse

3.2Time-DomainSignalWaveforms

3.3One-ToneSignalSpectrum

3.4Two-ToneIntermodulationDistortion

3.5THDandIM3vs.InputSignalLevel

3.6NoisePerformance

3.7CMRRandPSRR

4.Summary

8CONCLUSIONS

APPENDIX1TIMING-MISMATCHERRORSWITHNONUNIFORMLYHOLDINGEFFECTS

1.SpectrumExpressionsforIU-ON(SH)andIN-CON(SH)

1.1IU-ON(SH)

1.2IN-CON(SH)

2.ClosedFormSINADExpressionforIU-ON(SH)andIN-CON(SH)

2.1IU-ON(SH)

2.2IN-CON(SH)

3.ClosedFormSFDRExpressionforIN-CON(SH)systems

4.SpectrumCorrelationofIN-OU(IS)andIU-ON(SH)

APPENDIX2NOISEANALYSISFORSCADBDELAYLINEANDPOLYPHASESUBFILTERS

1.OutputNoiseofADBDelayLine

2.OutputNoiseofPolyphaseSubfilters

2.1UsingTSIInputCoefficientSCBranches

2.2UsingOFRInputCoefficientSCBranches

APPENDIX3GAIN,PHASEANDOFFSETERRORSFORGOCMFSCDELAYCIRCUITIANDJ

1.GOCMFSCDelayCircuitI

2.GOCMFSCDelayCircuitJ2100433B