新世紀(jì)理工科英語(yǔ)教程：土木工程與建筑

編者：宋黎 康海貴 叢書(shū)主編：程月芳 合著者：(英國(guó))Geoff Thompson

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱（修訂本）規(guī)定大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)分為基礎(chǔ)階段（一至二年級(jí)）和應(yīng)用提高階段（三至四年級(jí)）。應(yīng)用提高階段的教學(xué)包括專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)（Subject.Based English，簡(jiǎn)稱SBE）和高級(jí)英語(yǔ)（Advanced English，簡(jiǎn)稱AE）兩部分。大綱明確指出：“大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的目的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生具有較強(qiáng)的閱讀能力和一定的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、寫(xiě)、譯能力，使他們能用英語(yǔ)交流信息?！赃m應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的需要?！毙率兰o(jì)對(duì)人才在外語(yǔ)方面提出了更高的要求。抓好大學(xué)英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用提高階段的教學(xué)已勢(shì)在必行。編寫(xiě)本教材的目的是幫助理工科學(xué)生在應(yīng)用提高階段進(jìn)一步發(fā)展、鞏固和提高基礎(chǔ)階段已掌握的讀、聽(tīng)、寫(xiě)、說(shuō)、譯五種技能，并使部分有一定口語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)生在聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力方面也能有較大的提高，以適應(yīng)21世紀(jì)對(duì)高級(jí)人才的需求。

本教材主要適用于已完成基礎(chǔ)階段學(xué)習(xí)的高等學(xué)校理工科本科生，為應(yīng)用提高階段的必修課和選修課教材，也可用作研究生教學(xué)或工程技術(shù)人員的外語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)教材。

全套教材由專(zhuān)業(yè)教師和英語(yǔ)教師合作編寫(xiě)而成。它以英國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)家H.G.Widdowson的交際法理論為依據(jù)，著重解決語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的培養(yǎng)問(wèn)題，使學(xué)生將基礎(chǔ)階段已掌握的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和技能在自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)領(lǐng)域中得到進(jìn)一步實(shí)踐和應(yīng)用，從而達(dá)到能以英語(yǔ)為工具獲取和交流信息的教學(xué)目的。2100433B

《新世紀(jì)理工科英語(yǔ)教程:土木工程與建筑(學(xué)生用書(shū))》為大學(xué)英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用提高階段專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)系列教材之一

UNIT ONE

Reading and Comprehension 1

FRICTION

Reading and Practice 6

MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS

Reading and Translation 11

TRUSSES AND CABLES

UNIT TWO

Reading and Comprehension 16

INTRODUCTION TO COMPONENT DESIGN

Reading and Practice 21

STRESS

Reading and Translation 28

CONCEPT OF STRAIN AT A POINT

UNIT THREE

Reading and Comprehension 32

THE ENERGY THEOREMS

Reading and Practice 38

THE ENERGY THEOREMS (continued)

Reading and Translation 43

STRAIN ENERGY

UNIT FOUR

Reading and Comprehension 48

REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES

Reading and Practice 54

STRUCTURES

Reading and Translation 65

FORMWORK OF REINFORCED CONCRETE

UNIT FIVE

Reading and Comprehension 69

PARTS AND TYPES OF STEEL STRUCTURE

Reading and Practice 77

BEHAVIOR OF STEEL AT EXTREME TEMPERATURES

Reading and Translation 84

WELDING AND WELD LIMIT STATES

UNIT SiX

Reading and Comprehension 91

PROPERTIES OF FRESH CONCRETE

Reading and Practice 97

DEFORMATION

Reading and Translation 107

CEMENTS

UNIT SEVEN

Reading and Comprehension 111

DESIGN OF BUILDINGS AGAINST FIRE SPREAD

Reading and Practice 117

ASSESSMENT AND REPAIR OF FIRE DAMAGE TO CONCRETE

Reading and Translation 124

GENERAL ASPECTS OF FIRE SAFETY DESIGN

UNIT EIGHT

Reading and Comprehension 128

INTRODUCTION TO SOIL MECHANICS

Reading and Practice 133

THE SHEARING STRENGTH OF SOIL

Reading and Translation 141

THE NATURE OF SOIL

UNIT NINE

Reading and Comprehension 147

FUNDAMENTALS OF FLUID FLOW

Reading and Practice 152

FLUID STATICS

Reading and Translation 159

COMPLEX PIPELINE SYSTEMS

UNIT TEN

Reading and Comprehension 164

SURVEYING

Reading and Practice 170

THE RELIABILITY OF A SURVEY

Reading and Translation 178

TRIANGULATION

UNIT ELEVEN

Reading and Comprehension 183

WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Reading and Practice 190

GLOBAL WARMING

Reading and Translation 199

LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS

UNIT TWELVE

Reading and Comprehension 203

MOUND BREAKWATERS

Reading and Practice 209

CAISSON FOUNDATIONS

Reading and Translation 216

PORT PLANNING METHODS AND MODELS

UNIT THIRTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 220

HIGHWAY LOCATION IN URBAN AREAS

Reading and Practice 224

STRESS CONSIDERATIONS IN CONCRETE ROAD SLABS

Reading and Translation 231

PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE AND STRENGTHENING

UNIT FOURTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 236

BRIDGE ENGINEERING AND AESTHETICS

Reading and Practice 242

LOADS AND LOADING GROUPS

Reading and Trahslation 251

BASIC PHILOSOPHY OF SEISMIC DESIGN

UNiT FIFTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 255

FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSTRUCTION QUALITY

Reading and Practice 260

ESTIMATING

Reading and Translation 266

CONTRACTS FOR ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURAL

SERVICES

UNIT SIXTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 270

LIBRARY ADDITION IN HISTORIC MASSACHUSETTS

Reading and Practice 276

BROOKSIDE: A TWO-FAMILY HOUSE

Reading and Translation 284

LIGHTING FOR SPACE DEFINITION AND VISUAL COMFORT

UNIT SEVENTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 289

GROUNDWORKS

Reading and Practice 293

SITE APPRAISAL AND ANALYSIS

Reading and Translation 301

STREET AND LOT LAYOUT

UNIT EIGHTEEN

Reading and Comprehension 309

LONG-SPAN PRECAST SYSTEM FOR A SCIENCE CENTER

Reading and Practice 315

DIRECT COST OF TALL BUILDINGS

Reading and Translation 322

ESTHETICS OF TALL BUILDINGS

UNIT NINETEEN

Reading and Comprehension 326

SKILLS

Reading and Practice 330

THE DESIGN PROCESS IN STANDARD PRACTICE

Reading and Translation 339

THE TRADITIONAL BUILDING PROCESS

UNIT TWENTY

Reading and Comprehension 346

FIRE PROBLEMS IN FINISHED BUILDINGS

Reading and Practice 351

ACTIVE HVAC SYSTEMS

Reading and Translation 359

INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL PATH METHOD

Practical Writing

1 Application Letter

2 Business Letter

3 Invitation Card

4 Notice

5 Resume

6 Postcard

7 Business Card

8 Memorandum

9 Advertisement

10 Contract

11 Laboratory Report

12 Proposal Report

13 Feasibility Report

14 Title and Key Words

15 Abstract

16 Bibliography

17 Degree Paper (Ⅰ)

18 Degree Paper (Ⅱ)

19 Degree Paper (Ⅲ)

20 Academic Paper

GLOSSARY

本書(shū)根據(jù)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)要求，按照應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)需要，面向基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)階段的土木工程專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)生編寫(xiě)。通過(guò)本教程的學(xué)習(xí)，可幫助學(xué)生從聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)譯各方面掌握土木工程專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)的基本專(zhuān)業(yè)內(nèi)容、入門(mén)詞匯表達(dá)以及基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作知識(shí)，學(xué)生可順利進(jìn)入更高階段的土木工程專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)。本書(shū)即可作為本科院校的學(xué)生使用，也可以作為相關(guān)行業(yè)的工作人員參考用書(shū)

應(yīng)用提高階段的教學(xué)包括專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)（Subject.Based English，簡(jiǎn)稱SBE）和高級(jí)英語(yǔ)（Advanced English，簡(jiǎn)稱AE）兩部分。大綱明確指出：“大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的目的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生具有較強(qiáng)的閱讀能力和一定的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、寫(xiě)、譯能力，使他們能用英語(yǔ)交流信息?！赃m應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的需要?！毙率兰o(jì)對(duì)人才在外語(yǔ)方面提出了更高的要求。抓好大學(xué)英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用提高階段的教學(xué)已勢(shì)在必行。編寫(xiě)本教材的目的是幫助理工科學(xué)生在應(yīng)用提高階段進(jìn)一步發(fā)展、鞏固和提高基礎(chǔ)階段已掌握的讀、聽(tīng)、寫(xiě)、說(shuō)、譯五種技能，并使部分有一定口語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)生在聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力方面也能有較大的提高，以適應(yīng)21世紀(jì)對(duì)高級(jí)人才的需求。

本教材主要適用于已完成基礎(chǔ)階段學(xué)習(xí)的高等學(xué)校理工科本科生，為應(yīng)用提高階段的必修課和選修課教材，也可用作研究生教學(xué)或工程技術(shù)人員的外語(yǔ)培訓(xùn)教材。

全套教材由專(zhuān)業(yè)教師和英語(yǔ)教師合作編寫(xiě)而成。它以英國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)家H.G.Widdowson的交際法理論為依據(jù)，著重解決語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的培養(yǎng)問(wèn)題，使學(xué)生將基礎(chǔ)階段已掌握的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和技能在自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)領(lǐng)域中得到進(jìn)一步實(shí)踐和應(yīng)用，從而達(dá)到能以英語(yǔ)為工具獲取和交流信息的教學(xué)目的。

本書(shū)是根據(jù)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱要求，面向建筑學(xué)與土木工程專(zhuān)業(yè)編寫(xiě)的。本書(shū)分為建筑學(xué)與土木工程兩大部分，共十一個(gè)單元，每單元包含四篇文章和一篇語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，主要內(nèi)容包城市規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)、建筑學(xué)概述、建筑歷史、建筑結(jié)構(gòu)、土木工程、材料力學(xué)、結(jié)構(gòu)、材料、建設(shè)、液壓結(jié)構(gòu)等。 ？本書(shū)可供建筑學(xué)與土木工程專(zhuān)業(yè)教學(xué)使用，也可供相關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)工程家屬人員學(xué)習(xí)參考。